Journal: eBioMedicine

Article Title: Circadian rhythm disruption impairs ovarian follicular development via NAD + metabolic reprogramming

doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106200

Figure Lengend Snippet: Morphological and functional changes of ovaries between Ctrl and LP groups. (a) The illumination pattern for SD rats. Time (hours) refers to clock time. (b) Serum melatonin levels of Ctrl (n = 4) and LP (n = 4) group of every ZT. (c) The expression phase of Bmal1 in ovaries. (d) Typical oestrous cycles from Ctrl (n = 12) and LP (n = 12) group. Proestrus (P), oestrus (E), metoestrus (M), dioestrus (D). (e) Composition of oestrous cycle (n = 12). (f) Ovaries from Ctrl (n = 3) and LP (n = 3) group. (Scale bar, 1 cm). (g) Ovary weight of Ctrl (n = 9) and LP (n = 7) group. (h) HE staining images of ovary section for rats, triangle means expanded cystic follicles, pentagram means corpus luteum. Scale bar, 1 mm. (i) Comparison of follicle numbers of Ctrl (n = 4) and LP (n = 6) group. (j) BrdU immunohistochemical staining (Scale bar, 500 μm). (k) The number of retrieved oocytes (n = 5) after ovulation induction. (l) Litter size of Ctrl (n = 24) and LP (n = 11) groups. Statistical differences between the Ctrl and LP groups were determined using Tukey's test; ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Samples were incubated overnight at 4 °C with rotation using primary antibodies against BMAL1 (Cell Signalling Technology, 14020; 2 μg) or appropriate normal IgG (ABclonal, AS070; 2 μg), followed by incubation with secondary antibodies (Millipore, AP132; 1:100 dilution) for 1 h at room temperature.

Techniques: Functional Assay, Expressing, Staining, Comparison, Immunohistochemical staining

Journal: eBioMedicine

Article Title: Circadian rhythm disruption impairs ovarian follicular development via NAD + metabolic reprogramming

doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2026.106200

Figure Lengend Snippet: Disruption of NAMPT oscillated expression through NAMPT after long photoperiod exposure. (a) Ovaries were obtained at different ZT from Ctrl and LP group for WB, β-Tubulin was used as control. (b) The relative expression of BMAL1 at different ZT based on ZT0 to show the dynamic changes of Ctrl and LP group (n = 3). (c) The relative expression of NAMPT at different ZT based on ZT0. (d) WB of ovaries from Ctrl and LP group at each ZT (n = 3). (e) BMAL1 expression of LP group relative to Ctrl at each ZT (n = 3). (f) NAMPT expression of LP group relative to Ctrl at each ZT (n = 3). (g) Linear correlation of NAMPT and BMAL1 expression in Ctrl and LP group, which were showed for calculated expression based on its fold change to raw expression of ZT0. (h) Genomic views of BMAL1 CUT&Tag-seq assay enrichment at the promoters of the Nampt . (i) The non-canonical E-box motifs in the promoter and first intron of the Nampt gene. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) qPCR was used to show that BMAL1 physically and specifically associate to the E-boxes on the Nampt promoter, since the comparative analysis with 1% input as a reference revealed a significant decrease in fold change at the LP group site. (j) BMAL1-NAMPT-SIRT3-Deacetylation SOD2 axis. Statistically significant differences between the Ctrl and LP groups were determined using Tukey's test; ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Samples were incubated overnight at 4 °C with rotation using primary antibodies against BMAL1 (Cell Signalling Technology, 14020; 2 μg) or appropriate normal IgG (ABclonal, AS070; 2 μg), followed by incubation with secondary antibodies (Millipore, AP132; 1:100 dilution) for 1 h at room temperature.

Techniques: Disruption, Expressing, Control, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, ChIP-qPCR